2023-05-10 14:56:27
一般过去时的被动语态的基本结构是:be动词的过去式(was、were)+动词的过去分词+其他形式。其表示过去某一时间的被动动作或过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作。
1.肯定句
结构:主语+was/were+动词过去分词+其他
eg: A new shop was built last year.
去年新建了一家商店。
eg: Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.
恐龙蛋是很久以前产的。
2.否定句
结构:主语+was/were+not+动词过去分词+其他
eg: The computers were not bought last week.
上周没有买电脑。
3.一般疑问句
结构:Was/Were+主语+动词过去分词+其他?
eg:Were the computers bought last week?
上星期买的电脑吗?
4.特殊疑问句
结构:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+动词过去分词+其他?
eg: When were the computers bought?
电脑是什么时候买的?
注:
(1)若句子中含有双宾语,在改为被动语态时,遵循以下方法:
1.将间接宾语转化为句子主语。
She gave the little girl some flowers.她给了那个小女孩一些花。
The little girl was given some flowers by her.
2.将直接宾语转化为句子主语,此时间接宾语前通常加上介词to或for(何时用to,何时用for,)。
例:They bought the children many good books.
他们给那些孩子买了许多好书。
→Many good books were bought for the children by them.
例:He lent me a pen.能借给我一支钢笔。→A pen was lent tome by him.
(2)在不定式作宾语补足语的结构中,改为被动语态时,把主动语态中的宾语提到被动语态主语的位置,宾语补足语的位置不变。
例:He asked the boy to wash the car.他让那个男孩洗车。
→The boy was asked to wash the car.
例:I saw a policeman enter the classroom.
我看见一名警察进了教室。
→A policeman was seen to enter the classroom.
(3)不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,在变为被动语态时要加上to。
常接省略to的不定式作补足语的动词有:
一感(feel)、二听(listen to,hear)、三让(let,make,have)、四看(watch,see,look at,notice),帮助(help)可带可不带。